Bhadra Tiger Reserve, situated in the Western Ghats of Karnataka, India, is a prominent conservation area known for its rich biodiversity and picturesque landscapes. Established as a wildlife sanctuary in 1951 and declared a tiger reserve in 1998, it spans approximately 492 square kilometers, encompassing the lush forests of the Chikmagalur and Shimoga districts.

The reserve's topography is diverse, featuring a mix of tropical dry deciduous, moist deciduous, and semi-evergreen forests. The Bhadra River, from which the reserve derives its name, flows through the park, providing a crucial water source for its flora and fauna. The area is also characterized by hills, valleys, and grasslands, contributing to its scenic beauty and ecological variety.

Bhadra Tiger Reserve is home to a significant population of Bengal tigers, which are the primary conservation focus. Additionally, it harbors other large predators such as leopards and Indian wild dogs (dholes). Herbivores like sambar deer, spotted deer, barking deer, and gaur (Indian bison) are commonly sighted. The reserve also supports a variety of smaller mammals, reptiles, and amphibians.

The avian diversity in Bhadra is notable, with over 250 species of birds recorded. Birdwatchers can spot species like the Malabar pied hornbill, emerald dove, and great black woodpecker. The reserve's varied habitats, from dense forests to open grasslands, provide ideal conditions for a wide range of bird species.

Conservation efforts in Bhadra Tiger Reserve focus on habitat protection, anti-poaching measures, and scientific research to monitor wildlife populations. The reserve has been part of successful relocation programs, moving villages outside the core areas to reduce human-wildlife conflict and enhance habitat quality.

Bhadra offers a range of eco-tourism activities, including jeep safaris, trekking, and birdwatching. The scenic beauty of the Western Ghats, coupled with the chance to observe diverse wildlife in their natural habitat, makes Bhadra Tiger Reserve a popular destination for nature enthusiasts and wildlife photographers. The reserve's efforts in conservation and eco-tourism aim to preserve its unique ecosystems while promoting sustainable development for local communities.

Flora

The reserve is characterized by its lush tropical moist deciduous and semi-evergreen forests. Towering teak (Tectona grandis) and rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia) trees dominate the landscape, alongside bamboo groves (Bambusa arundinacea) and sandalwood (Santalum album). The dense canopy is interspersed with valuable species such as Indian laurel (Terminalia tomentosa), kino tree (Pterocarpus marsupium), and the flame of the forest (Butea monosperma).

Understory vegetation includes a variety of shrubs, herbs, and grasses, contributing to the rich biodiversity. The forest floor is covered with a plethora of medicinal plants like Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) and Shatavari (Asparagus racemosus), which are highly valued for their therapeutic properties.

Fauna

Bhadra Tiger Reserve is home to an impressive array of wildlife. The apex predator, the Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris), is the star attraction. Other significant predators include Indian leopards (Panthera pardus fusca) and wild dogs or dholes (Cuon alpinus).

Herbivores abound, with Indian gaur (Bos gaurus), sambar deer (Rusa unicolor), and spotted deer or chital (Axis axis) frequently sighted. These herbivores are crucial prey for the reserve’s carnivores. The Indian elephant (Elephas maximus) also roams the reserve, often spotted near water bodies.

Primates like the bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata) and the gray langur (Semnopithecus entellus) are common, adding to the reserve’s dynamic ecosystem.

Bhadra is a birdwatcher's paradise, hosting over 250 species of birds, including the Malabar trogon (Harpactes fasciatus), great hornbill (Buceros bicornis), and the endemic Nilgiri wood pigeon (Columba elphinstonii). Reptiles such as the Indian rock python (Python molurus) and the king cobra (Ophiophagus hannah) are also found here.

The Bhadra River and its tributaries enhance the reserve’s ecological diversity, providing vital water sources for the flora and fauna. The picturesque Bhadra Dam, located within the reserve, is not only a key water resource but also a scenic spot that attracts visitors.

Bhadra Tiger Reserve’s rich biodiversity and stunning landscapes make it a vital conservation area and a captivating destination for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers.

By Air : Mangalore Domestic Airport is the closest airport located 185 Kms away.


By Rail : The nearest railway station is Kadur Junction ( 51 Kms )


By Road : One can drive from Bangalore to Bhadra Wildlife which is about 282 Kms.