Dudhwa Tiger Reserve, situated in the Terai region of Uttar Pradesh, India, is a vital protected area known for its rich biodiversity and unique ecosystems. Established in 1978, the reserve covers approximately 1,284 square kilometers and includes the Dudhwa National Park, Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary, and Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary. It forms an essential part of the Terai Arc Landscape, which stretches across India and Nepal, providing critical habitats for various wildlife species.

The reserve's terrain is diverse, comprising grasslands, dense sal forests, swamps, and wetlands, which create a mosaic of habitats supporting a wide range of flora and fauna. One of the most notable features of Dudhwa is its population of Bengal tigers. The reserve is also home to the Indian rhinoceros, reintroduced in 1984 as part of a conservation project. Other significant wildlife includes swamp deer (barasingha), leopards, elephants, and a variety of deer species like chital and hog deer.

Dudhwa is a haven for birdwatchers, boasting over 450 bird species. Noteworthy avian residents include the Bengal florican, great slaty woodpecker, and swamp francolin. The diverse habitats, particularly the wetlands and grasslands, provide ideal conditions for both resident and migratory birds.

The Sharda River, along with numerous streams and lakes, enhances the reserve's picturesque landscape and serves as a crucial water source for its inhabitants. The rich biodiversity of Dudhwa is complemented by its scenic beauty, making it a popular destination for nature enthusiasts and wildlife photographers.

Conservation efforts in Dudhwa focus on habitat preservation, anti-poaching measures, and community involvement. The reserve authorities work closely with local communities to promote sustainable practices and reduce human-wildlife conflict. Initiatives like eco-tourism and awareness programs aim to balance conservation with local development.

Dudhwa Tiger Reserve exemplifies India's dedication to preserving its natural heritage. Its diverse ecosystems, rich wildlife, and scenic landscapes make it a crucial component of the country's conservation efforts, offering a sanctuary for endangered species and a tranquil retreat for visitors.

Flora

The reserve's vegetation is dominated by the lush Terai ecosystem, characterized by dense sal forests, grasslands, and wetlands. Sal (Shorea robusta) trees form the backbone of the forest canopy, providing a verdant cover. These forests are interspersed with patches of tall elephant grass and swampy marshlands, creating a variety of habitats. Other significant tree species include asna, jamun, jhingan, shisham, and bel. The undergrowth is dense with shrubs, climbers, and a variety of grasses, which provide ample fodder for the herbivores.

Fauna

Mammals: Dudhwa Tiger Reserve is home to a substantial population of Bengal tigers, the apex predators of the region. The reserve also supports Indian rhinoceros, which were reintroduced as part of a successful conservation program. Other significant mammals include leopards, Asiatic elephants, swamp deer (barasingha), sambar deer, spotted deer (chital), hog deer, and sloth bears. The presence of these species indicates a healthy and thriving ecosystem.

Birds: The reserve is a paradise for bird watchers, with over 450 species recorded. Notable among them are the Bengal florican, great Indian hornbill, and various species of eagles, owls, and vultures. The wetlands attract numerous migratory birds during the winter months, including the Sarus crane, which is the world's tallest flying bird.

Reptiles and Amphibians: Dudhwa’s wetlands and forests are also home to a variety of reptiles and amphibians. The reserve houses the endangered gharial and mugger crocodile in its rivers and lakes. Various species of turtles, monitor lizards, and snakes, including the Indian python and king cobra, are also found here.

Road : You can choose the route mentioned below as per your city connectivity.
Delhi - Moradabad - Bareilly - Pilibhit ( or Shahjahanpur)-Khutar -Mailani - Palia-Dudhwa (430 km).
Shahjahanpur-Powayan-Khutar-Mailani-Palia-Dudhwa (107 km approx.)
Bareilly-Pilibhit-Puranpur-Khutar-Mailani-Palia-Dudhwa (178 km approx.)


Rail :By Rail nearest railway station is palai kalan(10km) but not many trains goes there. You can choose the route mentioned below as per your city connectivity.
Delhi-Moradabad-Bareilly-Shahjahanpur (N.R. 301 km) and then by road to Dudhwa (107 km).
Lucknow-Sitapur-Lakhimpur-Gola-Khutar-Mailani-Palia-Dudhwa (248 km).

Air:- Nearest airport is luckhnow (230km)