Nanda Devi National Park, located in Uttarakhand, India, covers approximately 630 square kilometers and was established in 1982. Dominated by the majestic Nanda Devi peak, the park features diverse landscapes, including glaciers, alpine meadows, and dense forests. It is home to a variety of rare and endangered species, such as the snow leopard, Himalayan musk deer, and bharal (blue sheep). The park, together with the Valley of Flowers National Park, forms the Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks UNESCO World Heritage Site. This recognition underscores its significance in biodiversity conservation, mountain ecology, and the preservation of unique Himalayan flora and fauna.

Great Himalayan National Park, located in Himachal Pradesh, India, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site spanning 1,171 square kilometers. Established in 1984, the park is renowned for its rich biodiversity, including over 375 species of fauna and numerous medicinal plants. It features diverse habitats, from alpine meadows to dense forests. Wildlife includes the elusive snow leopard, Himalayan brown bear, blue sheep, and over 180 bird species. The park offers trekking, bird-watching, and nature walks, attracting adventure enthusiasts and nature lovers. Its pristine environment and stunning landscapes make it a significant conservation area and a haven for biodiversity.

Hemis National Park, located in Ladakh, India, covers approximately 4,400 square kilometers, making it one of the largest protected areas in the country. Established in 1981, it features a diverse landscape of high-altitude deserts, alpine meadows, and snow-capped peaks, ranging from 3,300 to 6,000 meters in elevation. The park is renowned for its population of endangered snow leopards, along with other wildlife such as Tibetan wolves, Eurasian brown bears, and bharal (blue sheep). Hemis also supports various bird species, including the Himalayan griffon vulture and golden eagle. Culturally, the park is significant for housing the Hemis Monastery and several traditional Ladakhi villages. The annual Hemis Festival, held at the monastery, highlights the park’s cultural and spiritual importance.

Pin Valley National Park, located in the cold desert region of Spiti in Himachal Pradesh, India, spans approximately 675 square kilometers. Established in 1987, the park is known for its stark, rugged landscapes and high-altitude flora and fauna. It provides a crucial habitat for endangered species like the snow leopard and Siberian ibex. Vegetation includes alpine meadows, dry alpine scrub, and patches of willow and juniper. The park also supports a variety of bird species, such as the Himalayan snowcock and chukar partridge. Pin Valley offers stunning vistas and a unique glimpse into the biodiversity of the Trans-Himalayan region.